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A SYLLOGISM is typically a three-proposition deductive argument—that is, a mediate inference that consists of two premises and a conclusion. Among the various forms of syllogism, the so-called categorical syllogism is perhaps the most popular as it serves as the heart of the Traditional Aristotelian Logic.
Read moreErrors in reasoning, these logical fallacies occur frequently enough, either alone or in combination, to deserve special attention. Fallacy is false reasoning, a bad method of argument, whether deductive or inductive.
Read moreStudying Toulmin model of argument can help us in many ways, especially in debates. For one thing, it enables us to identify the unstated assumptions in one’s arguments. Being able to discern the unspoken warrant could help us evaluate arguments and refute them if needed. Furthermore, Toulmin’s model can help us to analyze and improve our own arguments, and anticipate opposing arguments, especially if we are preparing for a debate, discussion, or forum.
Read moreThe ten (10) basic rules of inference discussed here are also the common argument forms we use everyday. Even the seemingly complicated inferences like the constructive dilemma and destructive dilemma are functional as we use them, knowingly or otherwise, especially as we engage in discussions, establishing our points, and debates.
Read moreDeduction and induction are both used in everyday conversations and even in scientific reasoning. Bringing together these two forms of reasoning are effective in establishing general laws, drawing conclusions about a population, predicting the occurrence of a future event based observations of similar past events, and drawing conclusions about causes of an illness based on observations of symptoms. Thus, utilizing both of them in a debate is advisable and even ingenious.
Read moreDebate and Correct Thinking primarily deal with only one type of thinking called reasoning. Reasoning is a mental process whereby we sensibly generate justifications, find results, or draw conclusions. As may be inferred from the word itself, reasoning is basically producing reasons as evidence for a certain proposition we wish to establish.
Read moreOne way to classify propositions is to brand them as either ‘categorical’, ‘hypothetical’, or ‘modal.’ They are the types of statements commonly used in making and delivering debate speeches. Pay attention to their differences for the type of statement that you have to use in expressing something largely depends on the nature of judgment you wish to convey.
Read moreWhat is logic as a branch of Philosophy? And do you know that Logic, Philosophy, Critical Thinking, and debate are interrelated. Find out here
Read moreWhat is deviant in one culture may even be celebrated in another. For instance, in some parts of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Muslim Africa, women are traditionally circumcised. Known as “excision” or “clitoridectomy,” the process involves cutting off the clitoris and sewing shut the labia, typically without any anesthesia.
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To comprehend the various forms of arguments and inferences, it is essential to be familiar first with the very significant concepts of ‘truth,’ ‘validity,’ and ‘soundness.’ Contrary to what many presume, ‘what is true’ is not accurately tantamount to ‘what is valid’, and vice versa.
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