Truth, Validity, and Soundness: Important Concepts in Logic and Correct Reasoning

To comprehend the various forms of arguments and inferences, it is essential to be familiar first with the very significant concepts of ‘truth,’ ‘validity,’ and ‘soundness.’ Contrary to what many presume, ‘what is true’ is not accurately tantamount to ‘what is valid’, and vice versa.

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Filipino Moral Character: Pros and Cons

Filipino cultural morality, especially that which concerns social ethics, centers on ideally having a “smooth interpersonal relationship” (SIR) with others. The definition of “smooth interpersonal relationship” in Philippine culture is principally supported by and anchored on at least six basic Filipino values: the concepts of (1) ‘pakikisama,’ (2) ‘hiya,’ (3) ‘amor propio,’ (4) ‘utang na loob,’ (5) Filipino hospitality, and (6) respect for elders.

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